1. The climate and vegetation of Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East during the Last Glacial Maximum (21 000 yr BP) based on pollen data 

   Davis, Basil A. S.; Fasel, Marc; Kaplan, Jed O.; et al. (2024)

   Climate of the Past

   Pollen data represent one of the most widely available and spatially resolved sources of information about the past land cover and climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 000 yr BP). Previous pollen data compilations for Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East, however, have been limited by small numbers of sites and poor dating control. Here we present a new compilation of pollen data from the region that improves on both the ...

   Journal Article

2. Enriching productive mutational paths accelerates enzyme evolution 

   Patsch, David; Schwander, Thomas; Voss, Moritz; et al. (2024)

   Nature Chemical Biology

   Darwinian evolution has given rise to all the enzymes that enable life on Earth. Mimicking natural selection, scientists have learned to tailor these biocatalysts through recursive cycles of mutation, selection and amplification, often relying on screening large protein libraries to productively modulate the complex interplay between protein structure, dynamics and function. Here we show that by removing destabilizing mutations at the ...

   Journal Article

3. Indirect stratospheric moisture increase after a Pinatubo-magnitude eruption can be comparable to direct increase after 2022 Hunga 

   Kroll, Clarissa A.; Schmidt, Anja (2024)

   COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT

   The 2022 Hunga eruptions injected an observationally unprecedented amount of moisture directly into the stratosphere. However, stratospheric moisture can also be indirectly increased following a volcanic eruption, when heating from volcanic sulfate aerosol raises the tropical cold-point temperatures. In this work, we demonstrate that a 1 K increase in tropical cold-point temperatures can lead to indirect moisture increases in the stratosphere ...

   Review Article

4. Modelling subglacial fluvial sediment transport with a graph-based model, Graphical Subglacial Sediment Transport (GraphSSeT) 

   Aitken, Alan Robert Alexander; Delaney, Ian; Pirot, Guillaume; et al. (2024)

   The Cryosphere

   A quantitative understanding of how sediment discharge from subglacial fluvial systems varies in response to glaciohydrological conditions is essential for understanding marine systems around Greenland and Antarctica and for interpreting sedimentary records of cryosphere evolution. Here we develop a graph-based approach, Graphical Subglacial Sediment Transport (GraphSSeT), to model subglacial fluvial sedimentary transport using subglacial ...

   Journal Article

5. Small energy benefits of in-wake flying in long-duration migratory flights 

   Perinot, Elisa; Rewald, Ortal Mizrahy; Fritz, Johannes; et al. (2024)

   PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

   During long-distance migrations, some bird species make use of in-wake flying, which should allow them to profit from the upwash produced by another bird. While indirect evidence supports energy saving as the primary benefit of in-wake flying, measurements are still missing. We equipped migrating northern bald ibises (Geronticus eremita) with high-precision global navigation satellite system data loggers to track their position in the ...

   Journal Article

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