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Apolipoprotein E controls Dectin-1-dependent development of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages upon pulmonary β-glucan-induced inflammatory adaptation
(2024)Nature ImmunologyThe lung is constantly exposed to the outside world and optimal adaptation of immune responses is crucial for efficient pathogen clearance. However, mechanisms that lead to lung-associated macrophages' functional and developmental adaptation remain elusive. To reveal such mechanisms, we developed a reductionist model of environmental intranasal beta-glucan exposure, allowing for the detailed interrogation of molecular mechanisms of pulmonary ...Journal Article -
Neural Augmented Kalman Filtering With Bollinger Bands for Pairs Trading
(2024)IEEE Transactions on Signal ProcessingPairs trading is a family of trading techniques that determine their policies based on monitoring the relationships between pairs of assets. A common pairs trading approach relies on describing the pairwise relationship as a linear Space State (SS) model with Gaussian noise. This representation facilitates extracting financial indicators with low complexity and latency using a Kalman Filter (KF), which are then processed using classic ...Journal Article -
Refracture and mortality risk in the elderly with osteoporotic fractures: the AGES-Reykjavik study
(2024)Osteoporosis InternationalThere is imminent refracture risk in elderly individuals for up to six years, with a decline thereafter except in women below 75 who face a constant elevated risk. Elderly men with fractures face the highest mortality risk, particularly those with hip and vertebral fractures. Targeted monitoring and treatment strategies are recommended.Journal Article -
SUPERCRITICAL PERCOLATION ON GRAPHS OF POLYNOMIAL GROWTH
(2024)Duke Mathematical JournalWe consider Bernoulli percolation on transitive graphs of polynomial growth. In the subcritical regime (p < pc), it is well known that the connection probabilities decay exponentially fast. In the present paper, we study the supercritical phase (p > pc) and prove the exponential decay of the truncated connection probabilities (probabilities that two points are connected by an open path, but not to infinity). This sharpness result was ...Journal Article -
Spatial Sensitivity of River Flooding to Changes in Climate and Land Cover Through Explainable AI
(2024)EARTHS FUTUREExplaining the spatially variable impacts of flood-generating mechanisms is a longstanding challenge in hydrology, with increasing and decreasing temporal flood trends often found in close regional proximity. Here, we develop a machine learning-informed approach to unravel the drivers of seasonal flood magnitude and explain the spatial variability of their effects in a temperate climate. We employ 11 observed meteorological and land cover ...Journal Article -
Assessing observational constraints on future European climate in an out-of-sample framework
(2024)npj Climate and Atmospheric ScienceObservations are increasingly used to constrain multi-model projections for future climate assessments. This study assesses the performance of five constraining methods, which have previously been applied to attempt to improve regional climate projections from CMIP5-era models. We employ an out-of-sample testing approach to assess the efficacy of these constraining methods when applied to "pseudo-observational" datasets to constrain future ...Journal Article -
A NEW APPROACH TO LIGHT BULB TRICKS: DISKS IN 4-MANIFOLDS
(2024)Duke Mathematical JournalFor a 4 -manifold M and a knot k: S1 , 8M with dual sphere G: S2 , 8M, we compute the set D(M; k) of smooth isotopy classes of neat embeddings D2 , M with boundary k using an invariant going back to Dax. Moreover, we construct a group structure on D(M; k) and show that it is usually neither abelian nor finitely generated. We recover all previous results for isotopy classes of spheres with framed duals and relate the group D(M; k) to the ...Journal Article -
A cryptic plasmid is among the most numerous genetic elements in the human gut
(2024)CellPlasmids are extrachromosomal genetic elements that often encode fitness -enhancing features. However, many bacteria carry "cryptic"plasmids that do not confer clear beneficial functions. We identified one such cryptic plasmid, pBI143, which is ubiquitous across industrialized gut microbiomes and is 14 times as numerous as crAssphage, currently established as the most abundant extrachromosomal genetic element in the human gut. The majority ...Journal Article -
Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators
(2024)Diversity and DistributionsAimGlobal change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, ...Journal Article -
Learning with multiple external representations in physics: Concreteness fading versus simultaneous presentation
(2024)Journal of research in science teachingMultiple external representations (MERs) are useful for teaching complex content in science education. An open question is whether there is an especially effective way to sequence MERs. On the one hand, the so-called concreteness fading approach suggests starting instruction with more concrete representations and proceeding stepwise to more idealized representations. The effectiveness of this fading approach is, however, supported mainly ...Journal Article