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Natural Language Processing for Policymaking
(2023)Handbook of Computational Social Science for PolicyLanguage is the medium for many political activities, from campaigns to news reports. Natural language processing (NLP) uses computational tools to parse text into key information that is needed for policymaking. In this chapter, we introduce common methods of NLP, including text classification, topic modelling, event extraction, and text scaling. We then overview how these methods can be used for policymaking through four major applications ...Book Chapter -
US-China Strategic Competition in Each Domestic Context
(2023)China-US CompetitionThe U.S.-China strategic competition has grown increasingly intense in recent years. A large share of the explanation lies in the changing structure of the international system, as a rising China poses a challenge to the U.S. position as the established superpower. Domestic political factors in both countries also play important roles, however. The clash between the two countries’ political systems, pitting a liberal democracy against a ...Book Chapter -
Pathways to Advance Agroecology for a Successful Transformation to Sustainable Food Systems
(2023)Science and Innovations for Food Systems TransformationAgroecology is a powerful strategy that reduces the trade-offs between productivity and sustainability. It promotes the diversity of crops and livestock, fields, farms and landscapes, which together are key to improving the sustainability of food and farming systems in terms of long-term productivity, food actors’ empowerment and inclusion and environmental health. Agroecology is a bundle of measures taken by farmers that, individually ...Book Chapter -
Challenges for the Sustainable Management of the Boreal Forest Under Climate Change
(2023)Advances in Global Change Research ~ Boreal Forests in the Face of Climate ChangeThe increasing effects of climate and global change oblige ecosystem-based management to adapt forestry practices to deal with uncertainties. Here we provide an overview to identify the challenges facing the boreal forest under projected future change, including altered natural disturbance regimes, biodiversity loss, increased forest fragmentation, the rapid loss of old-growth forests, and the need to develop novel silvicultural approaches. ...Book Chapter -
How are automated vehicles driving spatial development in Switzerland?
(2023)AVENUE21. Planning and Policy Considerations for an Age of Automated MobilityAutomated transport will gradually reshape our definition of mobility, and the change it brings will hardly make a stop at Switzerland’s borders. In recent years and with increasing intensity, researchers, policymakers and practitioners have been engaging with automated driving. In many respects, discussions mirror those in other countries, though they are much more strongly driven and shaped by public transport providers than by car ...Book Chapter -
A Tale of Three Cities: On Digital Twins
(2023)Future Cities - City Futures: Emerging Urban PerspectivesCities are multidimensional, multiagent, and multiobjective ar- tifacts with a complex, convoluted, and unexpected life hard to disentangle. Open and participatory approaches to city-mak- ing face the challenges of coordinating divergent opinions and agendas, informing all parties effectively, and avoiding manipulative legitimacy misappropriation. Computers can help in this endeavour to create more sustainable and resilient built environments. ...Book Chapter -
A novel A non-invasive cryostatic spectrometry technique to characterize the carriers’ multiplication factor in silicon carbide power devices
(2023)Materials Science Forum ~ Technologies and Application of Engineering MaterialsThe design of robust power semiconductor devices and the assessment of their susceptibility to terrestrial cosmic rays induced failures requires the accurate characterization of the device-internal electric field. This work presents a non-invasive cryostatic spectrometry technique making use of a soft-gamma Am241 radioactive source, to sense the device-internal electric field of silicon carbide power devices, through the measurement of ...Book Chapter -
Energy-Dependent Impact of Proton Irradiation on 4H-SiC Schottky Diodes
(2023)Materials Science Forum ~ Functional Materials and Materials ReliabilityIn this work, the impact of 200 MeV proton irradiation at a fluence of 6 × 1012 cm−2 on the forward characteristics and the breakdown behaviour of nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti) Schottky barrier diodes is explored. An improvement in the ideality factor, reduction in the threshold voltage, and an increase in the breakdown voltage is observed post irradiation. Point defects induced by the irradiation are likely responsible for the observed ...Book Chapter -
Heavy-Ion-Induced Defects in Degraded SiC Power MOSFETs
(2023)Materials Science Forum ~ Silicon carbide MOSFETs and special materials : special topic volume with invited peer-reviewed papers onlyCathodoluminescence spectroscopy is used to investigate the formation of point- and extended defects in SiC power MOSFETs exposed to heavy-ions. Devices showing single event leakage current (SELC) effects are analysed and compared to pristine samples. Common luminescence peaks of defect centers localized in the thermal-SiO2 are identified, together with peaks at the characteristic wavelength of extended defects.Book Chapter -
Reading at Scale
(2023)Digital Humanities Research ~ Mixing MethodsThe Deutscher Novellenschatz (published in 24 volumes 1871–1876) is a collection of 86 German-language novellas edited by Paul Heyse and Hermann Kurz. It is an example of a medium-sized corpus amenable, in principle, to both, scholarly reading and automated analysis. Our point of departure was the conviction that research questions at intermediate granularity would require the combination of hermeneutic and statistical methods to achieve ...Book Chapter