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dc.contributor.author
Gregor, Luke
dc.contributor.author
Gruber, Nicolas
dc.date.accessioned
2021-04-13T07:33:23Z
dc.date.available
2021-03-13T04:33:14Z
dc.date.available
2021-04-13T07:33:23Z
dc.date.issued
2021-03-02
dc.identifier.issn
1866-3516
dc.identifier.issn
1866-3508
dc.identifier.other
10.5194/essd-13-777-2021
en_US
dc.identifier.uri
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/474239
dc.identifier.doi
10.3929/ethz-b-000474239
dc.description.abstract
Ocean acidification has profoundly altered the ocean's carbonate chemistry since preindustrial times, with potentially serious consequences for marine life. Yet, no long-term, global observation-based data set exists that allows us to study changes in ocean acidification for all carbonate system parameters over the last few decades. Here, we fill this gap and present a methodologically consistent global data set of all relevant surface ocean parameters, i.e., dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), pH, and the saturation state with respect to mineral CaCO3 (Ω) at a monthly resolution over the period 1985 through 2018 at a spatial resolution of 1° × 1°. This data set, named OceanSODA-ETHZ, was created by extrapolating in time and space the surface ocean observations of pCO2 (from the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas, SOCAT) and total alkalinity (TA; from the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, GLODAP) using the newly developed Geospatial Random Cluster Ensemble Regression (GRaCER) method (code available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4455354, Gregor, 2021). This method is based on a two-step (cluster-regression) approach but extends it by considering an ensemble of such cluster regressions, leading to improved robustness. Surface ocean DIC, pH, and Ω were then computed from the globally mapped pCO2 and TA using the thermodynamic equations of the carbonate system. For the open ocean, the cluster-regression method estimates pCO2 and TA with global near-zero biases and root mean squared errors of 12 μatm and 13 μmol kg-1, respectively. Taking into account also the measurement and representation errors, the total uncertainty increases to 14 μatm and 21 μmol kg-1, respectively. We assess the fidelity of the computed parameters by comparing them to direct observations from GLODAP, finding surface ocean pH and DIC global biases of near zero, as well as root mean squared errors of 0.023 and 16 μmol kg-1, respectively. These uncertainties are very comparable to those expected by propagating the total uncertainty from pCO2 and TA through the thermodynamic computations, indicating a robust and conservative assessment of the uncertainties. We illustrate the potential of this new data set by analyzing the climatological mean seasonal cycles of the different parameters of the surface ocean carbonate system, highlighting their commonalities and differences. Further, this data set provides a novel constraint on the global- and basin-scale trends in ocean acidification for all parameters. Concretely, we find for the period 1990 through 2018 global mean trends of 8.6±0.1 μmol kg-1 per decade for DIC, -0.016±0.000 per decade for pH, 16.5±0.1 μatm per decade for pCO2, and -0.07±0.00 per decade for Ω. The OceanSODA-ETHZ data can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.25921/m5wx-ja34 (Gregor and Gruber, 2020).
en_US
dc.format
application/pdf
en_US
dc.language.iso
en
en_US
dc.publisher
Copernicus
dc.rights.uri
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.title
OceanSODA-ETHZ: A global gridded data set of the surface ocean carbonate system for seasonal to decadal studies of ocean acidification
en_US
dc.type
Journal Article
dc.rights.license
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
ethz.journal.title
Earth System Science Data
ethz.journal.volume
13
en_US
ethz.journal.issue
2
en_US
ethz.journal.abbreviated
Earth Syst. Sci. Data
ethz.pages.start
777
en_US
ethz.pages.end
808
en_US
ethz.version.deposit
publishedVersion
en_US
ethz.grant
Our common future ocean – quantifying coupled cycles of carbon, oxygen, and nutrients for determining and achieving safe operating spaces with respect to tipping points
en_US
ethz.grant
Climate-Carbon Interactions in the Coming Century
en_US
ethz.identifier.wos
ethz.identifier.scopus
ethz.publication.place
Göttingen
ethz.publication.status
published
en_US
ethz.leitzahl
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00012 - Lehre und Forschung::00007 - Departemente::02350 - Dep. Umweltsystemwissenschaften / Dep. of Environmental Systems Science::02721 - Inst. f. Biogeochemie u. Schadstoffdyn. / Inst. Biogeochem. and Pollutant Dynamics::03731 - Gruber, Nicolas / Gruber, Nicolas
ethz.leitzahl.certified
ETH Zürich::00002 - ETH Zürich::00012 - Lehre und Forschung::00007 - Departemente::02350 - Dep. Umweltsystemwissenschaften / Dep. of Environmental Systems Science::02721 - Inst. f. Biogeochemie u. Schadstoffdyn. / Inst. Biogeochem. and Pollutant Dynamics::03731 - Gruber, Nicolas / Gruber, Nicolas
ethz.grant.agreementno
820989
ethz.grant.agreementno
821003
ethz.grant.fundername
EC
ethz.grant.fundername
EC
ethz.grant.funderDoi
10.13039/501100000780
ethz.grant.funderDoi
10.13039/501100000780
ethz.grant.program
H2020
ethz.grant.program
H2020
ethz.date.deposited
2021-03-13T04:33:43Z
ethz.source
SCOPUS
ethz.eth
yes
en_US
ethz.availability
Open access
en_US
ethz.rosetta.installDate
2021-04-13T07:33:54Z
ethz.rosetta.lastUpdated
2024-02-02T13:30:13Z
ethz.rosetta.exportRequired
true
ethz.rosetta.versionExported
true
ethz.COinS
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