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Date
2021Type
- Journal Article
ETH Bibliography
yes
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Abstract
We review the recent developments and the current status in the field of quantum-gas cavity QED. Since the first experimental demonstration of atomic self-ordering in a system composed of a Bose–Einstein condensate coupled to a quantized electromagnetic mode of a high-Q optical cavity, the field has rapidly evolved over the past decade. The composite quantum-gas-cavity systems offer the opportunity to implement, simulate, and experimentally test fundamental solid-state Hamiltonians, as well as to realize non-equilibrium many-body phenomena beyond conventional condensed-matter scenarios. This hinges on the unique possibility to design and control in open quantum environments photon-induced tunable-range interaction potentials for the atoms using tailored pump lasers and dynamic cavity fields. Notable examples range from Hubbard-like models with long-range interactions exhibiting a lattice-supersolid phase, over emergent magnetic orderings and quasicrystalline symmetries, to the appearance of dynamic gauge potentials and non-equilibrium topological phases. Experiments have managed to load spin-polarized as well as spinful quantum gases into various cavity geometries and engineer versatile tunable-range atomic interactions. This led to the experimental observation of spontaneous discrete and continuous symmetry breaking with the appearance of soft-modes as well as supersolidity, density and spin self-ordering, dynamic spin-orbit coupling, and non-equilibrium dynamical self-ordered phases among others. In addition, quantum-gas-cavity setups offer new platforms for quantum-enhanced measurements. In this review, starting from an introduction to basic models, we pedagogically summarize a broad range of theoretical developments and put them in perspective with the current and near future state-of-art experiments. Show more
Publication status
publishedJournal / series
Advances in PhysicsVolume
Pages / Article No.
Publisher
Taylor & FrancisSubject
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED); Ultracold quantum gases; Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC); Fermi gases; Strong matter-field coupling; Dicke superradiance; Self-organization; Cavity-enhanced metrologyOrganisational unit
03599 - Esslinger, Tilman / Esslinger, Tilman
Funding
721465 - Collective effects and optomechanics in ultra-cold matter (EC)
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ETH Bibliography
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