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Phosphorus burial in the ocean over glacial-interglacial time scales
(2008)Biogeosciences DiscussionsThe role of nutrients and their impact on primary productivity and the fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 over glacial-interglacial periods are intensely debated. One of the cornerstones is the role of phosphorus (P; in the form of phosphate). Suggestions as to the importance of P evolved from an earlier proposal that P actively participated 5 in changing productivity rates and therefore climate change, to the most recent one that changes ...Working Paper -
Single ice crystal measurements during nucleation experiments with the depolarization detector IODE
(2008)Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DiscussionsIn order to determine the efficiency of aerosol particles of several types to nucleate ice,an Ice Optical DEpolarization detector (IODE) was developed to distinguish betweenwater droplets and ice crystals in ice nucleation chambers. A laser beam polarizedlinearly (power: 50 mW, wavelength: 407 nm) is directed through the chamber. The scattered light intensity from particles is measured at a scattering angle ofΘ=175◦inboth polarization ...Working Paper -
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Asymptotic Geometry in the product of Hadamard spaces with rank one isometries
(2008)arXivWorking Paper -
5th Zurich Roundtable on Comprehensive Risk Analysis and Management
(2008)CRN Roundtable ReportsThe Roundtable on “Strategic Foresight and Scenario Planning” explored and discussed strategic and methodical approaches to develop future-oriented policies. The first part of the day was devoted to the question of how strategic foresight can be designed and used in corporate management and public policy. Jan Oliver Schwarz (Berlin University of the Arts) provided insights into the concept, rationale, and potential pitfalls of strategic ...Report -
Tax contracts and government formation
(2008)CEPR Discussion PapersWe examine how tax contracts affect government formation and welfare of voters in a parliamentary democracy. A tax contract specifies a range of tax rates a party is committed to if in government. We develop a new model of party competition and show that the introduction of tax contracts has two effects: a perks-reduction effect and a policy-shift effect. The former is dominant in soci- eties with a low degree of political polarization. ...Working Paper -
Combining computational and analytic model descriptions for evaluating embedded real-time systems
(2008)TIK ReportIndustrial embedded real-time systems such as cabin communication systems (CCS) of modern (passenger) aircrafts [EADS:08a], are highly complex. Verification of such complex systems is either hampered by the state space explosion problem, --attached to state-based verification,-- or lacks a high-degree of detail, --due to the usage of some analytic method. For achieving a detailed analysis of system components, but still maintaining ...Report -
Modeling Hierarchical Event Streams in System Level Performance Analysis
(2008)TIK ReportThe growing complexity of embedded real-time systems requires elaborate methods in their design process. While simulation does not sufficiently cover corner cases, analytic methods for system level performance analysis have been established in the past. Their efficiency in computing hard bounds on buffer sizes, end-to-end delays or throughput has proven their usefulness. One of the major drawbacks of these methods are the limited system ...Report -
Does Aging Influence Sectoral Employment Shares? Evidence from Panel Data
(2008)KOF Working PapersOur study represents a first attempt to single out the effects of aging on the entire structure of the economy that is approximated by employment shares in different sectors. We find that even after controlling for the effects of other relevant factors—e.g. income per capita, share of trade in GDP, government consumption share in GDP, population size—aging does have a statistically significant differentiated impact on the employment shares. ...Working Paper -
Climate Change and Modelling of Extreme Temperatures in Switzerland
(2008)DiskussionspapiereThis study models maximum temperatures in Switzerland monitored in twelve locations using the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. The parameters of the GEV distribution are determined within a Bayesian framework. We find that the parameters of the underlying distribution underwent a substantial change in the beginning of the 1980s. This change is characterised by an increase both in the level and the variability. We assess the ...Working Paper