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Designer Phospholipid Capping Ligands for Soft Metal Halide Nanocrystals
(2023)Research SquareThe success of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) in science and optoelectronics is inextricable from their surfaces. The functionalization of lead halide perovskite (LHP) NCs poses a formidable challenge due to their structural lability, unlike the well-established covalent ligandcapping of conventional semiconductor NCs. We posited that the vast and facile molecular engineering of phospholipids as zwitterionic surfactants can ...Working Paper -
How agriculture, droughts and diseases shaped the island environments of Remote Oceania over the last Millennium
(2023)EarthArXivOver the past millennium, the Pacific Islands have experienced significant transformations, caused by different waves of human settlement and climatic variability. However, the paucity of archeological records coupled with the complex climatic setting of the tropical Pacific hinders our understanding of past environmental and societal changes. In this study, we employ a multi-proxy approach on sediment cores extracted from ponds on the ...Working Paper -
Wetter climate favouring early Lapita horticulture in Remote Oceania
(2023)EarthArXivThe islands of Remote Oceania were among the last places on Earth colonised by humans. Lapita seafarers carrying with them an extensive root-tuber-tree crop complex and domestic animals, rapidly transformed nearly all of these previously unoccupied islands. However, the timing of initial Lapita settlements and the early introduction of horticulture remain a matter of debate as significant changes in climate coincided with human oceanic ...Working Paper -
A critical evaluation of the added value of increased horizontal resolution in the hectometric range on the simulation of the mountain boundary layer
(2023)arXivThe horizontal grid spacing of numerical weather prediction models keeps decreasing towards the hectometric range. Although topography, land-use, and other static parameters are well-resolved, models have to be evaluated, because it cannot be assumed that higher horizontal resolution automatically yields better model performance. In this study, we perform limited-area simulations with the ICON model across horizontal grid spacings (1 km, ...Working Paper -
Realizing the promise of machine learning in precision oncology: expert perspectives on opportunities and challenges
(2023)Research SquareThe application of machine learning in precision oncology is an emerging field. To capture the status quo, challenges, opportunities, ethical implications, and future directions, we conducted semi-structured interviews with academic and clinical experts. Our participants agreed that machine learning in precision oncology is in infant stages, with clinical integration still rare. Overall, participants equated ongoing developments with ...Working Paper -
Mutation order in acute myeloid leukemia identifies uncommon patterns of evolution and illuminates phenotypic heterogeneity
(2023)Research SquareAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis and a heterogeneous mutation landscape. Although common mutations are well-studied, little research has characterized how the sequence of mutations relates to clinical features. Using published, single-cell DNA sequencing data from three institutions, we compared clonal evolution patterns in AML to patient characteristics, disease phenotype, and outcomes. Mutation trees, which represent ...Working Paper -
CausalCite: A Causal Formulation of Paper Citations
(2023)arXivEvaluating the significance of a paper is pivotal yet challenging for the scientific community. While the citation count is the most commonly used proxy for this purpose, they are widely criticized for failing to accurately reflect a paper's true impact. In this work, we propose a causal inference method, TextMatch, which adapts the traditional matching framework to high-dimensional text embeddings. Specifically, we encode each paper using ...Working Paper -
Opinion: Eliminating aircraft soot emissions
(2023)Aerosol Research DiscussionSoot from aircraft engines deteriorates air quality around airports and can contribute to climate change primarily by influencing cloud processes and contrail formation. Simultaneously, aircraft engines emit CO2, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other pollutants which also negatively affect human health and the environment. While urgent action is needed to reduce all pollutants, strategies to reduce one pollutant may increase another, calling ...Working Paper -
A 4096 channel event-based multielectrode array with asynchronous outputs compatible with neuromorphic processors
(2023)Research SquareBio-signal sensing represents a pivotal domain in the medical applications of bioelectronics. Traditional methods have, so far, focused on capturing these signals as accurately as possible, leading to high sampling rates in clocked synchronous architectures. Given the sparse activity of bio-signals, this approach often results in large amounts of digitized data with no relevant information and in a significant amount of energy consumed ...Working Paper -
SILC: Improving Vision Language Pretraining with Self-Distillation
(2023)arXivImage-Text pretraining on web-scale image caption dataset has become the default recipe for open vocabulary classification and retrieval models thanks to the success of CLIP and its variants. Several works have also used CLIP features for dense prediction tasks and have shown the emergence of open-set abilities. However, the contrastive objective only focuses on image-text alignment and does not incentivise image feature learning for dense ...Working Paper